Hybrid Warfare on Pakistan: Examining the Determinants and Impact

Abstract

Hybrid warfare, an ambiguous term in academia, has recently gained traction in scholarly work. However, its manifestation appears too vague in terms of observable phenomena. In the case of Pakistan, hybrid warfare has become more of a cliché or jargon. The nation contends with hybrid warfare on all fronts. Due to political instability and fragile governance, it has become an easy target for adversaries to employ hybrid warfare against, especially since its nuclearization. While this constant use of hybrid warfare may have made Pakistan resilient on the military front, it has had a far-reaching impact on Pakistani society. From the human development index to economic development, Pakistan has undergone a phase marked by a significant loss of peace and harmony. The research paper explores these implications in detail to foster an understanding of its impacts on Pakistan.